http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000320     

Wei Shen 《地学前缘(英文版)》2011,2(1):87-91

The self-similar is a common phenomena arising in the field of geology.It has been shown that geochemical element data,mineral deposits,and spacial distribution conform to a fractal structure.A fractal distribution requires that the number of objects larger than a specified size have a power-law dependence on size.This paper shows that a number of distributions,including power-function,Pareto, lognormal,and Zipf,display fractal properties under certain conditions and that this may be used as the mathemat...  相似文献   

Defining dynamic pelagic habitats in oceanic waters off eastern Australia     

A.J. Hobday  J.W. YoungC. Moeseneder  J.M. Dambacher 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2011,58(5):734-745

Although many species in the pelagic ocean are widespread, they are not randomly distributed. These species may have associations with particular water masses or habitats, but to best understand patterns in the ocean, these habitats must be identified. Previous efforts have produced static or seasonal climatologies, which still represent smearing over habitats. The Eastern Tuna and Billfish Longline Fishery (ETBF) targets a range of high trophic level species in oceanic waters off eastern Australia. In this study, dynamic ocean habitats in the region were identified for each month based on cluster analysis of five oceanographic variables averaged at a monthly time scale and a spatial scale of 0.5° for the period 1995-2006. A total of seven persistent habitats were identified off eastern Australia with intra and interannual variation in size and location, indicating the importance of spatial and temporal variation in the dynamics of the region. The degree to which these dynamic habitats were distinguished was tested using (i) stable isotope analysis of top fish predators caught in the region and (ii) estimates of variation in estimated abundance generated from catch data from the fishery. More precise estimates (measured as lower total CV) of isotopic values from swordfish (Xiphias gladius), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and albacore (Thunnus alalunga) were obtained for 4 of 6 isotope comparisons using the dynamic habitat groupings, which indicate that stratifying by pelagic habitat improved precision. Dynamic habitats produced more precise abundance estimates for 7 of 8 large pelagic species examined, with an average reduction in total CV of 19% compared to when abundance was estimated based on static habitat stratification. These findings could be used to guide development of effective monitoring strategies that can distinguish patterns due to environmental variation, and in the longer term, climate change.  相似文献   

狼毒种群小尺度空间分布格局及空间关联性研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵成章  高福元  盛亚萍  董小刚  周伟 《干旱区地理》2011,34(3)

空间分布格局、空间关联性对尺度具有较强的依赖性,种群在不同的尺度上往往表现出多种空间分布格局和空间关联性。在黑河上游高寒退化草地,采用点格局分析方法,研究了小尺度上狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)种群的分布格局和空间关联性。结果表明:小尺度上随着种群的发育,狼毒种群的空间分布格局由聚集分布逐渐向随机分布过渡;两个形体大小程度越接近的种群之间,空间关联性越有可能表现为正关联,随着种群的共同发育,空间关联性逐渐向不显著过渡,形体大小差异程度越大,则越有可能表现为负关联,而较大尺度上空间关联性趋于复杂化。种群个体之间的相互庇护促使狼毒个体的数量不断增长,并通过种内竞争使斑块不断扩张,狼毒种群合作与竞争机制的相互转变实现了种群的扩散。  相似文献   

甘肃大桥金矿地球化学异常特征对比          下载免费PDF全文

张凤霞  吴玉雯  张玉辉  刘元平 《甘肃地质》2015,24(3):36-41

通过对大桥金矿成矿地质特征研究的基础上,对矿区1∶20万区域化探异常特征、1∶5万水系沉积物测量异常特征及1∶1万土壤测量异常特征进行了分析和对比,认为该区化探工作随着比例尺的增大,异常元素增多,异常强度增强,异常浓集中心更加明显,显示出主成矿元素异常和相关伴生元素的继承性和多样性。异常元素组合显示,矿区中、大比例尺化探工作圈定的异常中,金、汞、砷、锑、银等中、低温元素异常发育,成为大桥金矿重要的找矿指示元素和直接找矿指标。原生晕特征标明,金及伴生元素异常展布与矿体产状基本一致,而异常强度在顶、底板明显减弱,说明赋矿层位和岩性对矿体的分布控制作用明显。本文旨在探讨该矿床不同介质系列化探异常特征,为西秦岭区化探找金工作提供新的范例。  相似文献   

A biogeochemical orientation survey in the Moisan gold-mineralized area, Haenam district in Korea     

Ji-Eun Jung  Jong-Nam Kim  Hyo-Taek Chon 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2011,111(3):152-159

A biogeochemical orientation survey was carried out in the vicinity of an epithermal Au deposit in the Moisan Au–Ag mineralized area, Haenam district in Korea. The Au–Ag bearing quartz veins of the mine occur as narrow open-space fillings within Cretaceous silicic pyroclastics. The vein minerals consist mainly of quartz, sericite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and galena, with some electrum and argentite. The main objectives of this study were to study the geochemical characteristics of rocks, soils and plants in this area, to investigate the spatial relationship between Au and associated elements in rock–soil–plant system, and to evaluate the applicability of biogeochemical prospecting for Au vein occurrences in Korea. Samples of rocks and soils, and leaves of three plant species (Japanese red pine — P. densiflora, oriental white oak — Q. aliena, Japanese mallotus — M. japonicus) were collected from the target mineralized area and control barren locations, and analyzed for trace elements by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Sampling lines were composed of one slope line which is almost parallel to the mineralized quartz-veins, and four transect lines spaced 100 m apart across the veins at 20 m sampling intervals. From the multi-element data of rock samples (n = 9), high values of Au (maximum 2030 ppb) are spatially related to Au–quartz veins. Soil samples (n = 61) collected from five sampling lines show higher values of Au (24–825 ppb) whereas soil samples from the control locations have lower values of Au (below 25 ppb). Many plant species collected from the vicinity of the veins have high Au contents compared with those at the control locations, but the ranges of Au values are variable among plant species. In a total of 128 samples of plant leaves, Q. aliena yielded Au values of 0.4 to 6.9 ppb, and M. japonicus 0.9 to 4.1 ppb. Gold contents in P. densiflora ranged from 0.1 to 5.6 ppb. Plant leaves from control areas show less than 1.6 ppb Au. The biological absorption coefficient (BAC) of Au in plants decreases in the order of Q. aliena > M. japonicus > P. densiflora. Based on the results of the study, Q. aliena appeared to be the best sampling media for biogeochemical prospecting of Au in the study area.  相似文献   

多目标地球化学勘查数据在油气化探中的应用 ———以宁夏盐池地区油气田为例     

谢薇 《地质与勘探》2011,47(3):524-530

多目标地球化学勘查数据是在全国范围内对土壤的地球化学元素进行全面调查分析的大型数据库,若能将多目标地球化学勘查数据应用于油气化探中,将是一件非常有意义的研究.本文选择对盐池县油气田区域的多目标地球化学勘查数据进行分析,发现油田区土壤中部分元素的含量值出现异常,并且元素的异常与油气田的存在密切相关.通过对元素的平均含量、相关性及其对油气田的反映分析,发现异常元素Cu、Fe、Mn、V、Cl、S是该油区有效的化探指标.本研究有利于扩大多目标地球化学勘查数据的应用范围,使其不仅用于评价生态环境,还可以应用于油气资源的远景评价.  相似文献   

大兴安岭北东段森林覆盖区岔路口巨型斑岩钼多金属矿床的发现过程及意义   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

孟昭君阚学胜  李宪臣王建平张瑞忠  吕克鹏孙振江石耀军  张佳南王宏燕 韩 龙 张国玉 《中国地质》2011,38(6):1504-1517

岔路口巨型斑岩钼矿的发现是近年来大兴安岭北段森林覆盖区找矿的重大突破,其规模居中国北方钼矿之首。矿床位于伊勒呼里山南1 029高地火山机构旁侧,成矿与晚侏罗世—早白垩世以超浅成相侵入的石英斑岩、花岗斑岩及其相伴产生的隐爆作用有密切时空关系。矿体产于火山沉积岩和成矿斑岩体中,钼矿化以呈网脉状和细脉的裂隙充填形式为主,少量为大脉状和细脉浸染状;钼矿体呈隐伏穹隆状,延深巨大。热液蚀变发育、分带性明显,以硅化强烈、萤石化广泛为显著特征。矿区剥蚀程度甚低,地表大范围表现为泥化带,仅中心地带发育有弱石英绢云母化和低品位钼矿化;向深部蚀变矿化逐渐增强,矿化延深达千米。钼矿体上部共伴生有脉状铅锌银矿化。成矿同期火山岩碱质含量高,该矿床为碰撞拼接后陆内伸展构造环境中岩浆活动产物,成矿岩浆-热液体系具高氟富硫高氧化的特征,与美国的Climax钼矿较为相似。该矿床的发现和探明,为研究斑岩-脉状钼锌银成矿体系提供了范例,对区域构造-岩浆过程研究与区域找矿勘查均具有重要意义。  相似文献   

模糊决策树技术在化探异常提取中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

王明志  董方灵  梁群峰  金平  张汉甫 《中国地质》2011,38(3):762-769

勘查地球化学是地质找矿的一种重要手段,而能否有效地提取地球化学异常决定了化探工作的成败。模糊决策树技术是近年来迅速发展的一种数据挖掘方法,笔者在系统总结前人研究成果的基础上提出了一种简单模糊决策树的思想来提取地球化学异常,以三江南段地区1∶20万水系沉积物测量数据为例验证了该技术在寻找多金属矿方面的可行性。结果表明:该方法提取的地球化学元素组合异常与现有矿点吻合程度好,明显优于使用元素累加和求取异常的做法。模糊决策树技术用于提取地球化学异常不仅具有理论价值,而且对三江南段地区的矿产勘查具有指导意义。  相似文献   

2011年4月江西降水异常偏少的初步诊断分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马锋敏  张超美  张传江  廖敏 《气象与减灾研究》2011,(4):16-22

利用1959-2011年北半球500 hPa高度格点资料、74项环流特征量资料和1974-2011年NOAA OLR月平均资料,结合江西83个气象观测站的1959-2011年4月降水资料,对2011年4月江西降水异常偏少成因进行了初步诊断分析.结果表明:江西省4月降水有一定的周期性,2011年4月降水处于少雨期;La ...  相似文献   

东亚副热带急流与东北夏季降水异常的关系   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6  

兰明才  张耀存 《气象科学》2011,31(3):258-265

利用东北地区88个气象站点观测的7、8月(夏季)降水量和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了东北地区夏季降水与同期东亚副热带西风急流之间的关系,发现东北地区夏季降水异常偏多年,位于青藏高原上空200 hPa西风急流中心强度偏强,东北地区上空急流轴向东北方向倾斜;东北地区夏季降水异常偏少年,青藏高原上空200 hPa西风...  相似文献